Eats

• Water-cresses (Nasturtium)
• Cabbages And Mustards (Brassica)
• Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus)
• Radishes (Raphanus)
• Sweet Alyssum (Lobularia maritima)
• Hedge Mustard (Sisymbrium officinale)
• Shortpod Mustard (Hirschfeldia incana)
• Nasturtiums (Tropaeolum)
• Virginia Pepperweed (Lepidium virginicum)
• Dame's Rocket (Hesperis matronalis)
• Black Mustard (Brassica nigra)
• Shepherd's-purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris)
• Broadleaved Pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium)
• Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata)
• London Rocket (Sisymbrium irio)
• Jointed Charlock (Raphanus raphanistrum)
• American Searocket (Cakile edentula)
• Garlic Mustards (Alliaria)
• (Sisymbrium)
• Tobaccos (Nicotiana)
• Bittercresses (Cardamine)
• (Hesperis)
• Searockets (Cakile)
• Shepherd's-purses (Capsella)
• Pepperweeds (Lepidium)
• (Diplotaxis)
• Ice Plants (Mesembryanthemum)
• (Hirschfeldia)
• New England Aster (Symphyotrichum novae-angliae)
• Red Deadnettle (Lamium purpureum)
• Rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus)
• Dicots (Magnoliopsida)
• (Brassiceae)
• Lavender (Lavandula)
• Common Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale)
• Roses (Rosa)
• (Asteroideae)
• Skyflower (Duranta erecta)
• (Verbeneae)
• (Cichorieae)
• Mustard Family (Brassicaceae)
• Butterfly Bush (Buddleja davidii)
• Purpletop Vervain (Verbena bonariensis)
• American Asters (Symphyotrichum)
• Bristly Oxtongue (Helminthotheca echioides)
• Alkali Heath (Frankenia salina)
• Wild Radish (Raphanus sativus)
• Western Goldenrod (Euthamia occidentalis)
• Asters And Allies (Astereae)
• (Ceanothus)
• Butterfly Bushes And Allies (Buddleja)
• (Mentheae)
• Alkali Heliotrope (Heliotropium curassavicum)
• Coyote Brush (Baccharis pilularis)
• Dandelions (Taraxacum)
• Speedwells (Veronica)
• Field Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis)
• Knotweeds, Smartweeds, And Waterpeppers (Persicaria)
• Prickly Sowthistle (Sonchus asper)
• California Buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum)
• Sea-lavenders (Limonium)
• Goldenrods (Solidago)
• Red Valerian (Centranthus ruber)
• Sages (Salvia)
• Yellow Star-thistle (Centaurea solstitialis)
• Narrowleaf Milkweed (Asclepias fascicularis)
• Flowering Plants (Angiospermae)
• Gumplants (Grindelia)
• Marigolds (Tagetes)
• Mints (Mentha)
• (Convolvuleae)
• False Bindweeds (Calystegia)
• Brambles (Rubus)
• Catnip (Nepeta cataria)
• Vervain (Verbena)
• Gilias (Gilia)
• Grapevines (Vitis)
• Purple Sage (Salvia leucophylla)
• Bearberries And Manzanitas (Arctostaphylos)
• Slender Iceplant (Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum)
• White Sweetclover (Melilotus albus)
• Woodsorrels (Oxalis)
• Cabbage White (Pieris rapae)
• Fiddlenecks (Amsinckia)
• Willows (Salix)
• Bird's-foot Trefoils And Deervetches (Lotus)
• Catmints (Nepeta)
• Panicled Willowherb (Epilobium brachycarpum)
• Hairy White Oldfield Aster (Symphyotrichum pilosum)
• Viper's-buglosses (Echium)
• Silver Lupine (Lupinus albifrons)
• Mallow And Hibiscus Family (Malvaceae)
• Frogfruits (Phyla)
• Basils (Ocimum)
• Mints, Plantains, Olives, And Allies (Lamiales)
• White Clover (Trifolium repens)
• (Bougainvillia)
• Mint Family (Lamiaceae)
• Sow Thistles (Sonchus)
• Fleabanes And Horseweeds (Erigeron)
• European Searocket (Cakile maritima)
• Russian Thistles (Salsola)
• Blanket Flowers (Gaillardia)
• California Beeplant (Scrophularia californica)
• Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa)
• Bull Thistle (Cirsium vulgare)
• Ngaio (Myoporum laetum)
• Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare)
• Beebalms And Bergamots (Monarda)
• Knapweeds (Centaurea)
• Black-eyed Susans And Coneflowers (Rudbeckia)
• Common Spikeweed (Centromadia pungens)
• (Life)
• Western Vervain (Verbena lasiostachys)
• Perez's Sea Lavender (Limonium perezii)
• Pride Of Madeira (Echium candicans)
• Common Fiddleneck (Amsinckia menziesii)
• Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus)
• Bindweed Family (Convolvulaceae)
• Cliff Aster (Malacothrix saxatilis)
• Heliotropes (Heliotropium)
• Passionflowers (Passiflora)
• Clovers (Trifolium)
• Chicories, Dandelions, And Allies (Cichorioideae)
• White Horehound (Marrubium vulgare)
• Wirelettuce (Stephanomeria)
• Verbena Family (Verbenaceae)
• California Aster (Corethrogyne filaginifolia)
• Canyon Sunflower (Venegasia carpesioides)
• Southern Russian Thistle (Salsola australis)
• Geraniums And Cranesbills (Geranium)
• Glory Bushes And Allies (Tibouchina)
• Bladderpod (Peritoma arborea)
• Red Clover (Trifolium pratense)
• Pot Marigold (Calendula officinalis)
• Common Cat's-ear (Hypochaeris radicata)
• Thistles (Cirsium)
• Woolly Sunflowers (Eriophyllum)
• Elegant Clarkia (Clarkia unguiculata)
• Bindweeds (Convolvulus)
• Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea stoebe)
• Armenian Blackberry (Rubus armeniacus)
• Bull Mallow (Malva nicaeensis)
• Coyote Mint (Monardella villosa)
• Maltese Star-thistle (Centaurea melitensis)
• Common Selfheal (Prunella vulgaris)

Pollinates

• Jointed Charlock (Raphanus raphanistrum)
• Creeping Thistle (Cirsium arvense)
• Swamp Milkweed (Asclepias incarnata)
• Red Deadnettle (Lamium purpureum)
• Cabbage White (Pieris rapae)
• Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria)
• (http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F917C528F9F87A9DE65D7F2564AC0D3)
• (Platanthera blephariglottis)
• Hoary Tansyaster (Dieteria canescens)
• Stinkwort (Dittrichia graveolens)
• (Vicia cracca)

Eaten by

• Rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus)
• Cabbage White (Pieris rapae)
• Black Phoebe (Sayornis nigricans)
• Cabbages And Mustards (Brassica)
• Lavender (Lavandula)
• Green Lynx Spider (Peucetia viridans)
• Southern Alligator Lizard (Elgaria multicarinata)
• Western Spotted Orbweaver (Neoscona oaxacensis)
• (Cotesia glomerata)
• (Cotesia rubecula)
• Jagged Ambush Bug (Phymata americana)
• Pak Choi (Brassica rapa chinensis)
• Chinese Mantis (Tenodera sinensis)
• (Aspidoscelis hyperythrus beldingi)

Preyed upon by

• Bold Jumping Spider (Phidippus audax)
• Crab Spiders (Thomisidae)
• Jagged Ambush Bugs (Phymata)
• Assassin Bugs (Reduviidae)
• European Paper Wasp (Polistes dominula)
• New Zealand Mantis (Orthodera novaezealandiae)
• (Miomantis caffra)

Pollinated by

• Whites, Yellows, And Sulphurs (Pieridae)
• Cabbage White (Pieris rapae)