Eats

• Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus)
• Pot Marigold (Calendula officinalis)
• Carnations (Dianthus)
• Plants (Plantae)
• (Agropyron)
• (Pelargonium zonale)
• (roots)

Eaten by

• California Mantis (Stagmomantis californica)
• Wood Thrush (Hylocichla mustelina)
• Horned Grebe (Podiceps auritus)
• Yellow Warbler (Setophaga petechia)
• Black-and-white Warbler (Mniotilta varia)
• Chestnut-sided Warbler (Setophaga pensylvanica)
• Yellow-rumped Warbler (Setophaga coronata)
• Ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapilla)
• Nashville Warbler (Leiothlypis ruficapilla)
• House Sparrow (Passer domesticus)
• Vireos (Vireo)
• Red-eyed Vireo (Vireo olivaceus)
• Bell's Vireo (Vireo bellii)
• Baltimore Oriole (Icterus galbula)
• Western Kingbird (Tyrannus verticalis)
• Eastern Kingbird (Tyrannus tyrannus)
• American Robin (Turdus migratorius)
• Winter Wren (Troglodytes hiemalis)
• European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris)
• Yellow-bellied Sapsucker (Sphyrapicus varius)
• Hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus)
• Veery (Catharus fuscescens)
• Blue-gray Gnatcatcher (Polioptila caerulea)
• Brown Thrasher (Toxostoma rufum)
• Great-tailed Grackle (Quiscalus mexicanus)
• Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus)
• Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater)
• Purple Martin (Progne subis)
• Brown Creeper (Certhia americana)
• Western Wood-pewee (Contopus sordidulus)
• Black-headed Grosbeak (Pheucticus melanocephalus)
• Dark-eyed Junco (Junco hyemalis)
• Western Tanager (Piranga ludoviciana)
• Rose-breasted Grosbeak (Pheucticus ludovicianus)
• Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis)
• Cedar Waxwing (Bombycilla cedrorum)
• Western Meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta)
• Eastern Meadowlark (Sturnella magna)
• Horned Lark (Eremophila alpestris)
• Grasshopper Sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum)
• Broad-winged Hawk (Buteo platypterus)
• (Little brown myotis)
• Big Brown Bat (Eptesicus fuscus)
• (Laphria flavicollis)
• Eurasian Blackbird (Turdus merula)
• White-backed Woodpecker (Dendrocopos leucotos)
• Maned Wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus)
• (Caracara cheriway)
• (Caprimulgus vociferus)
• Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis)
• Little Blue Heron (Egretta caerulea)
• Magnolia Warbler (Setophaga magnolia)
• (Empidonax traillii)
• (Wilsonia canadensis)
• Wilson's Warbler (Cardellina pusilla)
• (Oporornis philadelphia)
• (Empidonax flaviventris)
• Bay-breasted Warbler (Setophaga castanea)
• Blackburnian Warbler (Setophaga fusca)
• Least Flycatcher (Empidonax minimus)
• Greater Sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus)
• (Parkesia motacilla)
• Philadelphia Vireo (Vireo philadelphicus)
• (Vireo flavifrons)
• White-eyed Vireo (Vireo griseus)
• Warbling Vireo (Vireo gilvus)
• Olive-sided Flycatcher (Contopus cooperi)
• (Empidonax alnorum)
• Ferruginous Pygmy-owl (Glaucidium brasilianum)
• Brown-headed Nuthatch (Sitta pusilla)
• (Setophaga pinus)
• Swainson's Thrush (Catharus ustulatus)
• Mountain Chickadee (Poecile gambeli)
• American Pipit (Anthus rubescens)
• (Corvus caurinus)
• (Picoides villosus)
• Red-breasted Sapsucker (Sphyrapicus ruber)
• (Dryobates albolarvatus)
• (Picoides pubescens)
• Steller's Jay (Cyanocitta stelleri)
• Common Nighthawk (Chordeiles minor)
• Vaux's Swift (Chaetura vauxi)
• Black Swift (Cypseloides niger)
• Chestnut-collared Longspur (Calcarius ornatus)
• Bell's Sparrow (Artemisiospiza belli)
• Swainson's Hawk (Buteo swainsoni)

Preyed upon by

• Damselflies (Zygoptera)
• Katydids (Tettigoniidae)
• Meadowhawks (Sympetrum)
• Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes)
• Rove Beetles (Staphylinidae)
• Phalangiid Harvestmen (Phalangiidae)
• Sheetweb And Dwarf Weavers (Linyphiidae)
• Chasers And King Skimmers (Libellula)
• Dragonflies (Anisoptera)
• (Harpalinae)
• Ground Beetles (Carabidae)
• Soil Centipedes (Geophilomorpha)
• Crab Spiders (Thomisidae)
• Soldier Beetles (Cantharidae)
• Cobweb Spiders (Theridiidae)
• True Velvet Mites (Trombidiidae)
• Funnel Weavers (Agelenidae)
• (Philonthus)
• (Trochosa)
• Wolf Spiders (Lycosidae)
• House Bats (Eptesicus)
• (Calosoma tepidum)
• (Pseudomogrus zhilgaensis)
• Big Brown Bat (Eptesicus fuscus)
• (Argiope aurantia)
• (Anthus novaeseelandiae novaeseelandiae)
• Yellow-spotted Emerald (Somatochlora flavomaculata)
• (Anguis fragilis)
• Damsel Bugs (Nabidae)
• Pond Frogs (Rana)
• Northern Bluets (Coenagrion)
• (Monocephalus fuscipes)
• (Erigonella hiemalis)
• (Tenuiphantes tenuis)
• (Robertus scoticus)
• Lace Web Spider (Amaurobius)
• (Staphylininae)
• (Lithobius aeruginosus)
• (Neobisium)
• (Somatochlora)
• Vagrant Darter (Sympetrum vulgatum)
• (Othius)
• (Ensifera)
• (Ceratinella brevis)
• Sand Lizard (Lacerta agilis)
• (Malthodes)
• (Lithobius)
• (Sympetrum striolatum)
• (Microneta viaria)
• (Robertus)
• Vexing Rove Beetles (Atheta)
• Common Grasshopper-warbler (Locustella naevia)
• Blue-tailed Damselfly (Ischnura elegans)
• (Micrargus apertus)
• (Dolichovespula sylvestris)
• (Asthenargus paganus)
• (Lithobius piceus)
• (Schendyla nemorensis)
• (Geophilus ribauti)
• (Saloca diceros)
• Ruddy Darter (Sympetrum sanguineum)
• (Campodea)
• Rough-chested Blackclock (Pterostichus strenuus)
• (Harpactea lepida)
• (Hahniidae)
• (Athous subfuscus)
• (Gyrohypnus)
• (Lithobius mutabilis)
• (Orthetrum cancellatum)
• (Macrargus rufus)
• (Acrotona sylvicola)
• (Xantholinus)
• (Robertus lividus)
• (Lithobius macilentus)
• (Mocyta fungi)
• (Lithobius melanops)
• (Strigamia acuminata)
• (Walckenaeria dysderoides)
• (Nusoncus nasutus)
• (Abax)
• (Centromerus brevipalpus)
• (Lithobius calcaratus)
• (Molops piceus)
• (Inermocoelotes inermis)
• (Lithobius muticus)
• (Molops elatus)
• (Tapinocyba pallens)
• (Lithobius tricuspis)
• (Pedius longicollis)
• (Pardosa saltans)
• (Lithobius borealis)
• (Abax ovalis)
• (Cybister)
• (Geophilus electricus)
• (Agonum)
• Boreal Yellow-headed Soil Centipede (Geophilus flavus)
• (Lithobius subtilis)
• (Lithobius curtipes)
• (Lithobius crassipes)
• (Xantholinus elegans)