Eaten by

• Lotus Hairstreak (Callophrys dumetorum)
• Square-spotted Blue (Euphilotes battoides)
• Gray Hairstreak (Strymon melinus)
• Green Hairstreaks (Callophrys)
• Monarch (Danaus plexippus)
• Funereal Duskywing (Erynnis funeralis)
• Ornate Checkered Beetle (Trichodes ornatus)
• Fiery Skipper (Hylephila phyleus)
• Black-backed Grass Skimmer (Paragus haemorrhous)
• Yellow-faced Bumble Bee (Bombus vosnesenskii)
• Gray Buckeye (Junonia grisea)
• Western Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)
• Western Pygmy-blue (Brephidium exilis)
• Golden Paper Wasp (Polistes aurifer)
• Tripartite Sweat Bee (Halictus tripartitus)
• Urbane Digger Bee (Anthophora urbana)
• Yellow-legged Mud-dauber Wasp (Sceliphron caementarium)
• Thick-legged Hover Fly (Syritta pipiens)
• Common Wood-nymph (Cercyonis pegala)
• American Sand Wasp (Bembix americana)
• European Paper Wasp (Polistes dominula)
• Foothill Carpenter Bee (Xylocopa tabaniformis orpifex)
• Seven-spotted Lady Beetle (Coccinella septempunctata)
• Peg-legged Compost Fly (Syritta flaviventris)
• Great Golden Digger Wasp (Sphex ichneumoneus)
• Texas Striped Sweat Bee (Agapostemon texanus)
• Bumble Bees (Bombus)
• Anise Swallowtail (Papilio zelicaon)
• California Rotund-resin Bee (Anthidiellum notatum robertsoni)
• Western Yellowjacket (Vespula pensylvanica)
• Elegant Grass-carrying Wasp (Isodontia elegans)
• (Sphex)
• Margined Calligrapher (Toxomerus marginatus)
• Rural Skipper (Ochlodes agricola)
• Red-shouldered Leaf Beetle (Saxinis saucia)
• Masked Bees (Hylaeus)
• Cellophane Bees (Colletes)
• Common Ringlet (Coenonympha california)
• Western Aphideater (Eupeodes fumipennis)
• Red-belted Bumble Bee (Bombus rufocinctus)
• Single-banded Plushback (Palpada alhambra)
• Ligated Furrow Bee (Halictus ligatus)
• Orange-legged Furrow Bee (Halictus rubicundus)
• Oblique Streaktail (Allograpta obliqua)
• Peridot Sweat Bee (Augochlorella pomoniella)
• California Yellowjacket (Vespula sulphurea)
• American Lady (Vanessa virginiensis)
• Northern White-skipper (Heliopetes ericetorum)
• Woodland Skipper (Ochlodes sylvanoides)
• Convergent Lady Beetle (Hippodamia convergens)
• Arizona Small Carpenter (Ceratina arizonensis)
• Western Leafcutter (Megachile perihirta)
• Argentine Ant (Linepithema humile)
• Figeater Beetle (Cotinis mutabilis)
• (Lasioglossum sisymbrii)
• Hidalgo Mason Wasp (Euodynerus hidalgo)
• Red Admiral (Vanessa atalanta)
• Mournful Duskywing (Erynnis tristis)
• Mexican Cactus Fly (Copestylum mexicanum)
• Common European Greenbottle Fly (Lucilia sericata)
• California Ground Squirrel (Otospermophilus beecheyi)
• Echo Azure (Celastrina echo)
• Hedgerow Hairstreak (Satyrium saepium)
• Wide-striped Sweat Bee (Halictus farinosus)
• Golden Plushback (Palpada mexicana)
• Checkered White (Pontia protodice)
• Umber Skipper (Lon melane)
• Marine Blue (Leptotes marina)
• Valley Carpenter Bee (Xylocopa sonorina)
• Behr's Metalmark (Apodemia virgulti)
• Wild Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo)
• Ring-necked Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus)
• (Apodemia mormo)
• (Aricia lupini)
• Gorgone Checkerspot (Chlosyne gorgone)
• (Callophrys affinis)
• Sheridan's Hairstreak (Callophrys sheridanii)
• (Euphilotes enoptes)
• (Euphilotes rita)
• (Euphilotes enoptes ancilla)
• (Euphilotes pallescens)
• (Euphilotes mojave)
• (Lycaena heteronea)
• (Lycaena gorgon)
• (Philotiella speciosa)
• (Toripalpus breviornatalis)
• (Synanthedon polygoni)
• (Hemileuca burnsi)
• (Hemileuca electra)
• (Xestia infimatis)
• (Plebejus acmon)
• (Plebejus lupini)
• (Incisalia augustinus)
• (Callophrys comstocki)
• (Chionodes luteogeminatus)
• (Callophrys apama)
• Brown Bear (Ursus arctos)
• (Compsomyiops calllipes)
• (Trichopoda pennipes)
• Mountain Mahogany Hairstreak (Satyrium tetra)

Pollinated by

• Bees And Apoid Wasps (Apoidea)