Eats

• Plants (Plantae)
• (roots)
• (leaves)
• (Nephrosperma van-houtteanum)
• (Phoenicophorium borsigianum)
• (Roscheria melanochaetes)
• (Soulamea)
• Wild Coffees (Psychotria)
• Persimmons (Diospyros)

Eaten by

• Common Grackle (Quiscalus quiscula)
• Baltimore Oriole (Icterus galbula)
• Blue Jay (Cyanocitta cristata)
• Veery (Catharus fuscescens)
• Wood Thrush (Hylocichla mustelina)
• Hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus)
• Horned Grebe (Podiceps auritus)
• Pied-billed Grebe (Podilymbus podiceps)
• (Xanthocephalus)
• Yellow Warbler (Setophaga petechia)
• Northern Mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos)
• Killdeer (Charadrius vociferus)
• Black-and-white Warbler (Mniotilta varia)
• Ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapilla)
• Grasshopper Sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum)
• American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla)
• Coccyzus Cuckoos (Coccyzus)
• Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus)
• Orange-crowned Warbler (Leiothlypis celata)
• Chestnut-sided Warbler (Setophaga pensylvanica)
• Nashville Warbler (Leiothlypis ruficapilla)
• Hutton's Vireo (Vireo huttoni)
• Bell's Vireo (Vireo bellii)
• Red-eyed Vireo (Vireo olivaceus)
• Vireos (Vireo)
• European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris)
• Eastern Meadowlark (Sturnella magna)
• Horned Lark (Eremophila alpestris)
• Western Wood-pewee (Contopus sordidulus)
• American Robin (Turdus migratorius)
• Winter Wren (Troglodytes hiemalis)
• Yellow-bellied Sapsucker (Sphyrapicus varius)
• Acorn Woodpecker (Melanerpes formicivorus)
• House Sparrow (Passer domesticus)
• Blue-gray Gnatcatcher (Polioptila caerulea)
• Great-tailed Grackle (Quiscalus mexicanus)
• Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater)
• Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus)
• Brewer's Blackbird (Euphagus cyanocephalus)
• Purple Martin (Progne subis)
• Northern Rough-winged Swallow (Stelgidopteryx serripennis)
• Tree Swallow (Tachycineta bicolor)
• Field Sparrow (Spizella pusilla)
• Dark-eyed Junco (Junco hyemalis)
• Chipping Sparrow (Spizella passerina)
• Crows And Ravens (Corvus)
• Red-headed Woodpecker (Melanerpes erythrocephalus)
• Red-breasted Nuthatch (Sitta canadensis)
• Violet-green Swallow (Tachycineta thalassina)
• Brown Creeper (Certhia americana)
• Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis)
• Rose-breasted Grosbeak (Pheucticus ludovicianus)
• House Wren (Troglodytes aedon)
• Cedar Waxwing (Bombycilla cedrorum)
• Western Meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta)
• Spotted Towhee (Pipilo maculatus)
• California Towhee (Melozone crissalis)
• Bewick's Wren (Thryomanes bewickii)
• Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica)
• American Kestrel (Falco sparverius)
• Brown Widow (Latrodectus geometricus)
• Earthworms And Allies (Oligochaeta)
• Grayling (Thymallus thymallus)
• (Northern myotis)
• (Brycon dentex)
• Longnose Killifish (Fundulus similis)
• Gulf Killifish (Fundulus grandis)
• Eurasian Blackbird (Turdus merula)
• (Caprimulgus vociferus)
• Swainson's Thrush (Catharus ustulatus)
• Eared Grebe (Podiceps nigricollis)
• Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis)
• Virginia Rail (Rallus limicola)
• Brown Teal (Anas chlorotis)
• Puerto Rican Oriole (Icterus portoricensis)
• Puerto Rican Screech-owl (Megascops nudipes)
• Puerto Rican Tody (Todus mexicanus)
• Smooth-billed Ani (Crotophaga ani)
• Greater Antillean Bullfinches (Melopyrrha)
• Cave Swallow (Petrochelidon fulva)
• Prairie Warbler (Setophaga discolor)
• Loggerhead Kingbird (Tyrannus caudifasciatus)
• Gray Kingbird (Tyrannus dominicensis)
• Puerto Rican Spindalis (Spindalis portoricensis)
• Black-whiskered Vireo (Vireo altiloquus)
• Northern Parula (Setophaga americana)
• Pearly-eyed Thrasher (Margarops fuscatus)
• Bananaquit (Coereba flaveola)
• Puerto Rican Woodpecker (Melanerpes portoricensis)
• Puerto Rican Tanager (Nesospingus speculiferus)
• Greater Antillean Grackle (Quiscalus niger)
• Adelaide's Warbler (Setophaga adelaidae)
• Puerto Rican Vireo (Vireo latimeri)
• (Setophaga caerulescens)
• Yellow-shouldered Blackbird (Agelaius xanthomus)
• Lesser Antillean Pewee (Contopus latirostris)
• Puerto Rican Flycatcher (Myiarchus antillarum)
• (Anthracothorax dominicus)
• Sora (Porzana carolina)
• Purple Gallinule (Porphyrio martinica)

Preyed upon by

• Soil Centipedes (Geophilomorpha)
• Funnel Weavers (Agelenidae)
• Crab Spiders (Thomisidae)
• Ground Beetles (Carabidae)
• Rove Beetles (Staphylinidae)
• Brown Widow (Latrodectus geometricus)
• (Cybister)
• (Lithobius aeruginosus)
• (Lithobius)
• (Strigamia acuminata)
• (Lithobius tricuspis)
• (Abax)
• Boreal Yellow-headed Soil Centipede (Geophilus flavus)
• (Lithobius mutabilis)
• (Robertus lividus)
• Lace Web Spider (Amaurobius)
• (Geophilus ribauti)
• (Histopona torpida)
• (Trogulus tricarinatus)
• (Lithobius piceus)
• (Geophilus electricus)
• (Notiophilus biguttatus)
• (Ozyptila trux)
• (Geophilus insculptus)
• (Cochlodryas)
• (Coelotes terrestris)
• (Lithobius crassipes)
• (Coelotes)
• (Trechus)
• (Lithobius muticus)
• (Calathus melanocephalus)
• (Cychrus attenuatus)
• (Abax parallelepipedus)
• Cucumber Green Spider (Araniella cucurbitina)
• (Lithobius dentatus)
• (Xysticus lanio)
• (Schendyla nemorensis)
• (Abax ovalis)
• (Harpactea lepida)
• (Harpalus)
• (Callobius claustrarius)
• (Apostenus fuscus)
• (Harpalus tardus)
• (Anelasmocephalus cambridgei)
• (Abax parallelus)
• (Clubiona comta)
• (Rhagonycha lignosa)
• (Lithobius macilentus)
• (Lithobius curtipes)
• (Molops elatus)
• Bronzed Blackclock (Pterostichus oblongopunctatus)
• (Inermocoelotes inermis)
• (Molops piceus)
• (Xysticus erraticus)
• (Agonum muelleri)
• New Zealand Short-tailed Bats (Mystacinidae)
• Western Barbastelle (Barbastella barbastellus)
• Greater Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum)
• Common Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus pipistrellus)
• Savi's Pipistrelle (Hypsugo savii)
• European Free-tailed Bat (Tadarida teniotis)
• Great Roundleaf Bat (Hipposideros armiger)
• Schneider's Roundleaf Bat (Hipposideros speoris)
• Greater Mouse-tailed Bat (Rhinopoma microphyllum)
• Geoffroy's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus clivosus)
• Geoffroy's Trident Leaf-nosed Bat (Asellia tridens)
• Kuhl's Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus kuhlii)
• (Hypsugo ariel)
• Hairy Big-eared Bat (Micronycteris hirsuta)
• (Phyllostomus hastatus)
• Giant Noctule (Nyctalus lasiopterus)
• Pygmy Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus pygmaeus)
• Big Brown Bat (Eptesicus fuscus)
• Eastern Red Bat (Lasiurus borealis)
• (Perimyotis subflavus)
• Little Brown Bat (Myotis lucifugus)
• Northern Myotis (Myotis septentrionalis)
• (Myotis sodalis)
• Cave Myotis (Myotis velifer)
• (Nyctophilus geoffroyi)
• Hoary Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus nigrogriseus)
• Gould's Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus gouldii)
• Southern Free-tailed Bat (Mormopterus planiceps)
• Eastern Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus megaphyllus)
• (Taphozous georgianus)
• Diadem Roundleaf Bat (Hipposideros diadema)
• (Emballonura semicaudata rotensis)
• Western Bonneted Bat (Eumops perotis)
• (Cerceris intricata graphica)
• (Nuctenea umbratica)
• Masked Hunter (Reduvius personatus)
• (Metellina mengei)
• Gorse Orbweaver (Agalenatea redii)
• (Cerceris quinquefasciata)
• (Odynerus (Odynerus) melanocephalus)
• (Cerceris quadricincta)
• (Cerceris ruficornis)