Eats

• Common Flesh Flies (Sarcophaga)
• White Willow (Salix alba)
• Poplars, Cottonwoods, And Aspens (Populus)
• Common Hazel (Corylus avellana)
• Clitellates (Clitellata)
• Cyanobacteria (Cyanobacteria)
• Rove Beetles (Staphylinidae)
• Diatoms (Bacillariophyceae)
• Secondary Screwworm Fly (Cochliomyia macellaria)
• (Hemilucilia segmentaria)
• (Lucilia eximia)
• (Leptocera)
• (Sargus cuprarius)
• (Paregle)
• (Sepsis violacea)
• (Cryptolucilia)
• (Haematobia irritans)
• (Detritus)
• (Fannia)
• (G. sp.)
• (Cyrtoneurina gemina)
• (Hemilucilia flavifacies)
• (Cyrtoneurina conspersa)
• (Espeletia grandiflora)
• Field Elm (Ulmus minor)
• Common Dogwood (Cornus sanguinea)
• Spindle (Euonymus europaeus)
• Common Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna)
• Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa)
• European Black Elderberry (Sambucus nigra)
• (Detritus complex)
• (Gammaridea)

Preys on

• Mites And Ticks (Acari)
• True Bugs (Heteroptera)
• Planthoppers (Fulgoroidea)
• Typical Leafhoppers (Cicadellidae)
• Spiders (Araneae)
• Ground Crab Spiders (Xysticus)
• Green Lacewings (Chrysopidae)
• Sheetweb And Dwarf Weavers (Linyphiidae)
• Grasshoppers, Crickets, And Katydids (Orthoptera)
• Crab Spiders (Thomisidae)
• Helix Snails (Helicidae)
• Moth Flies And Sand Flies (Psychodidae)
• Bear Spiders (Arctosa)
• Beetles (Coleoptera)
• (Deltocephalinae)
• Cockroaches And Termites (Blattodea)
• Rove Beetles (Staphylinidae)
• Aphids (Aphididae)
• Thin-legged Wolf Spiders (Pardosa)
• Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae)
• Harvestmen (Opiliones)
• Wolf Spiders (Lycosidae)
• True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids, And Allies (Hemiptera)
• Ground Beetles (Carabidae)
• Meadow Spittlebug (Philaenus spumarius)
• (Typhlocybinae)
• Earthworms And Allies (Oligochaeta)
• Click Beetles (Elateridae)
• Insects (Insecta)
• Cobweb Spiders (Theridiidae)
• Wood, Mound, And Field Ants (Formica)
• Ant-like Flower Beetles (Anthicidae)
• Porcellionid Woodlice (Porcellionidae)
• Common Pill Woodlouse (Armadillidium vulgare)
• Ground Spiders (Gnaphosidae)
• (Otiorhynchus)
• Jumping Spiders (Salticidae)
• Sap-feeding Beetles (Nitidulidae)
• Funnel Weavers (Agelenidae)
• Soil Centipedes (Geophilomorpha)
• (Porcellio)
• Phalangiid Harvestmen (Phalangiidae)
• Soldier Beetles (Cantharidae)
• Leaf Beetles (Chrysomelidae)
• Orbweavers (Araneidae)
• (Sitona)
• Common Striped Woodlouse (Philoscia muscorum)
• Metallic Wood-boring Beetles (Buprestidae)
• True Velvet Mites (Trombidiidae)
• Pillbugs (Armadillidium)
• Shining Flower Beetles (Phalacridae)
• True Weevils (Curculionidae)
• Running Crab Spiders (Philodromidae)
• Darkling Beetles (Tenebrionidae)
• (Serica)
• Meshweavers (Dictynidae)
• (Cossoninae)
• (epipellic flora)
• Common Whorl-snail (Vertigo pygmaea)
• (Walckenaeria nudipalpis)
• (Rugilus rufipes)
• (Cicadina)
• (Platystethus nodifrons)
• (Euconulus)
• (Zelotes)
• (Brachygluta)
• (Comantenna)
• Carr Slater (Ligidium hypnorum)
• (Propylaea quatuordecimpunctata)
• (Chartoscirta cincta)
• (Vertigo antivertigo)
• (Pirata tenuitarsis)
• (Aleocharinae)
• (Chaetarthria seminulum)
• (Dryops auriculatus)
• (Edaphus)
• (Microlinyphia impigra)
• (Eupterygini)
• (Gongylidiellum murcidum)
• (Stenus)
• (Trochulus sericeus)
• (Gnathonarium dentatum)
• (Antistea elegans)
• (Hebrus pusillus)
• Cicadas (Cicadoidea)
• (Trichoniscidae)
• (Pirata)
• Fierce Ants (Tetramorium)
• (Lesteva sicula)
• (Bathyphantes gracilis)
• (Delphacidae)
• Heather Ladybird (Chilocorus bipustulatus)
• (Erigone atra)
• (Zora spinimana)
• (Nestus)
• (Hypocyphtus discoideus)
• (Diplocampa assimile)
• (Aphidoidea)
• Slender Amber Snail (Oxyloma elegans)
• (Anisus leucostoma)

Pollinates

• Ulmo (Eucryphia cordifolia)
• Pacific Trillium (Trillium ovatum)
• Twinflower (Linnaea borealis)
• (Magnolia)
• (Magnolia virginiana)

Eaten by

• Garfish (Belone belone)
• Ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapilla)
• Horned Grebe (Podiceps auritus)
• Hutton's Vireo (Vireo huttoni)
• Red-eyed Vireo (Vireo olivaceus)
• Western Kingbird (Tyrannus verticalis)
• Eastern Kingbird (Tyrannus tyrannus)
• American Robin (Turdus migratorius)
• Winter Wren (Troglodytes hiemalis)
• White-faced Ibis (Plegadis chihi)
• Yellow-bellied Sapsucker (Sphyrapicus varius)
• Veery (Catharus fuscescens)
• Wood Thrush (Hylocichla mustelina)
• Blue-gray Gnatcatcher (Polioptila caerulea)
• Great-tailed Grackle (Quiscalus mexicanus)
• Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus)
• Purple Martin (Progne subis)
• Northern Rough-winged Swallow (Stelgidopteryx serripennis)
• Tree Swallow (Tachycineta bicolor)
• Cliff Swallow (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota)
• Acorn Woodpecker (Melanerpes formicivorus)
• Bar-tailed Godwit (Limosa lapponica)
• Shanks, Tattlers, And Allies (Tringa)
• Typical Foxes (Vulpes)
• Calidris Sandpipers (Calidris)
• Typical Snipes (Gallinago)
• Rove Beetles (Staphylinidae)
• Grayling (Thymallus thymallus)
• Swamp Crab Spider (Xysticus ulmi)
• Taieri Flathead Galaxias (Galaxias depressiceps)
• (Galaxias anomalus)
• Macquarie Perch (Macquaria australasica)
• Thai River Sprat (Clupeichthys aesarnensis)
• (Colibri coruscans)
• White-backed Woodpecker (Dendrocopos leucotos)
• Mainland Raccoon Dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides)
• Eared Grebe (Podiceps nigricollis)
• Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis)
• Brown Teal (Anas chlorotis)
• (Lonchura cucullata)
• Verdin (Auriparus flaviceps)
• Warbling Vireo (Vireo gilvus)
• Eastern Screech-owl (Megascops asio)
• American Pipit (Anthus rubescens)
• Northern Shrike (Lanius borealis)
• Bank Swallow (Riparia riparia)
• Pinyon Jay (Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus)
• (Dryobates albolarvatus)
• (Picoides villosus)
• (Sphyrapicus thyroideus)
• Common Nighthawk (Chordeiles minor)
• Lapland Longspur (Calcarius lapponicus)
• Vaux's Swift (Chaetura vauxi)
• Black Swift (Cypseloides niger)
• Snow And Mckay's Buntings (Plectrophenax)
• Fluffy Sculpin (Oligocottus snyderi)
• Great Gray Shrike (Lanius excubitor)

Preyed upon by

• Zebra Jumping Spider (Salticus scenicus)
• Striped Shore Crab (Pachygrapsus crassipes)
• Marbled Godwit (Limosa fedoa)
• Least Sandpiper (Calidris minutilla)
• Pied-billed Grebe (Podilymbus podiceps)
• Black Geese (Branta)
• Ground Crab Spiders (Xysticus)
• Cobweb Spiders (Theridiidae)
• Rove Beetles (Staphylinidae)
• Katydids (Tettigoniidae)
• Grasshoppers, Crickets, And Katydids (Orthoptera)
• Wood, Mound, And Field Ants (Formica)
• (Harpalinae)
• Funnel Weavers (Agelenidae)
• Phalangiid Harvestmen (Phalangiidae)
• Ground Beetles (Carabidae)
• Soldier Beetles (Cantharidae)
• Soil Centipedes (Geophilomorpha)
• Thin-legged Wolf Spiders (Pardosa)
• Crab Spiders (Thomisidae)
• (Philonthus)
• Wolf Spiders (Lycosidae)
• (Trochosa)
• Ground Spiders (Gnaphosidae)
• Dragonflies And Damselflies (Odonata)
• Typical Cormorants And Shags (Phalacrocorax)
• Tangleweb Spiders (Theridion)
• Dimorphic Jumping Spider (Maevia inclemens)
• Silver Garden Orbweaver (Argiope argentata)
• Feather-legged Spiders (Uloborus)
• Shore Earwig (Labidura riparia)
• Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus)
• (Metacyrba)
• Southwestern Blind Snake (Rena humilis humilis)
• Texas Blind Snake (Rena dulcis)
• Longjaw Mudsucker (Gillichthys mirabilis)
• California Killifish (Fundulus parvipinnis)
• Shadow Goby (Quietula y-cauda)
• Arrow Gobi (Clevelandia ios)
• Northern Pintail (Anas acuta)
• Eared Grebe (Podiceps nigricollis)
• (Anas americana)
• (Catoptrophorus semipalmatus)
• Black-bellied Plover (Pluvialis squatarola)
• (Athya marila)
• Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis)
• (Rallus longirostrus)
• Dunlin (Calidris alpina)
• (Limnodromus scilopaceus)
• Red Knot (Calidris canutus)
• (Limnodromus griseus)
• (Robertus insignis)
• (Paederus riparius)
• (Gabrius fermoralis)
• (Pirata piscatorius)
• (Staphylininae)
• (Lithobius)
• (Staphylinus erythropterus)
• Sand Lizard (Lacerta agilis)
• Reed Bunting (Emberiza schoeniclus)
• Pond Frogs (Rana)
• Damsel Bugs (Nabidae)
• (Tetartopeus terminatum)
• Short-winged Conehead (Conocephalus dorsalis)
• (Paravespula vulgaris)
• Leopard Bear-spider (Arctosa leopardus)
• (Robertus)
• (Trochosa spinipalpis)
• Common Grasshopper-warbler (Locustella naevia)
• (Anguis fragilis)
• (Lathrobium fovalum)
• (Nestus)
• (Ensifera)
• Leaflitter Crab Spiders (Ozyptila)
• Lace Web Spider (Amaurobius)
• Rough-chested Blackclock (Pterostichus strenuus)
• (Robertus lividus)
• (Lithobius mutabilis)
• (Strigamia acuminata)
• (Schendyla nemorensis)
• (Athous subfuscus)
• (Anelosimus vittatus)
• (Geophilus ribauti)
• (Lithobius muticus)
• (Lithobius piceus)
• (Lithobius macilentus)
• (Lithobius aeruginosus)
• (Inermocoelotes inermis)
• (Macrargus rufus)
• (Lithobius tricuspis)
• (Ero furcata)
• (Abax)
• (Molops piceus)
• (Harpactea lepida)
• (Geophilus studeri)
• (Trogulus tricarinatus)
• (Agonum)
• (Lithobius borealis)
• (Clubiona comta)
• Boreal Yellow-headed Soil Centipede (Geophilus flavus)