Eats

• Coralline Algae (Corallinales)
• Diatoms (Bacillariophyceae)
• Plants (Plantae)
• Mayflies (Ephemeroptera)
• Nematodes (Nematoda)
• Non-biting Midges (Chironomidae)
• Flies (Diptera)
• (Algae)
• (Desmidiales)
• (Coscinodiscus)
• (Synedra)
• (Detritus)
• (Asellus)
• (bottom organic matter - benthic macroalgae)
• (Khakista)
• (diatoms (mostly Cocconeis) & desmids)

Eaten by

• Dragonflies And Damselflies (Odonata)
• Buttonhook Leaf-beetle Jumping Spider (Sassacus vitis)
• Ray-finned Fishes (Actinopterygii)
• Decapods (Decapoda)
• Banded Killifish (Fundulus diaphanus)
• European Carp (Cyprinus carpio)
• Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides)
• Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus)
• Gray Catbird (Dumetella carolinensis)
• Ruddy Duck (Oxyura jamaicensis)
• Blue-winged Teal (Spatula discors)
• Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos)
• Ring-necked Duck (Aythya collaris)
• Cinnamon Teal (Spatula cyanoptera)
• Horned Grebe (Podiceps auritus)
• American Coot (Fulica americana)
• Yellow-rumped Warbler (Setophaga coronata)
• American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla)
• Red-necked Phalarope (Phalaropus lobatus)
• Bufflehead (Bucephala albeola)
• Scaups, Pochards, And Allies (Aythya)
• Mallards, Pintails, And Allies (Anas)
• Neotropic Cormorant (Phalacrocorax brasilianus)
• Western Wood-pewee (Contopus sordidulus)
• Black-and-white Warbler (Mniotilta varia)
• Trumpeter Swan (Cygnus buccinator)
• Yellow-legged Hornet (Vespa velutina)
• Black-bearded Tomb Bat (Taphozous melanopogon)
• Stoliczka's Trident Bat (Aselliscus stoliczkanus)
• Brown Trout (Salmo trutta)
• (Coregonus lavaretus)
• Common Roach (Rutilus rutilus)
• Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)
• Grayling (Thymallus thymallus)
• European Perch (Perca fluviatilis)
• European Eel (Anguilla anguilla)
• (Northern myotis)
• (Little brown myotis)
• Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)
• (Barbus paludinosus)
• Yellow-belly Bream (Serranochromis robustus)
• Large Stonefly (Perla bipunctata)
• European Minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus)
• (Eleutherodactylus coqui)
• Puerto Rican Upland Sphaero (Sphaerodactylus klauberi)
• Gundlach’s Anole (Anolis gundlachi)
• Emerald Anole (Anolis evermanni)
• (Gonatista grisea)
• Forest Coqui (Eleutherodactylus portoricensis)
• Threespine Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
• (Pacifastacus leniusculus)
• Common Scoter (Melanitta nigra)
• King Eider (Somateria spectabilis)
• (Dolomedes vittatus)
• (Perlodes microcephalus)
• Sandfly Caddisfly (Rhyacophila dorsalis)
• Large Stonefly (Dinocras cephalotes)
• (Limnesia maculata)
• (Hydrodroma despiciens)
• Tube Maker Caddisflies (Polycentropodidae)
• (Halesus)
• Silver Sedge (Odontocerum albicorne)
• Welshman's Button Caddisfly (Sericostoma personatum)
• (Glyphotaelius)
• (ruff (Gymnocephalus cernus))
• (Plecoptera)
• (Gammarus)
• (Megaloptera)
• Snakehead Gudgeon (Giuris margaritacea)
• Empire Gudgeon (Hypseleotris compressa)
• (Tilapia mariae)
• Freshwater Catfish (Tandanus tandanus)
• Khaki Grunter (Hephaestus tulliensis)
• Agassiz's Glassfish (Ambassis agassizii)
• (Neosiluris ater)
• Roman-nose Goby (Awaous acritosus)
• (Glossamia aprion)
• Bony Bream (Nematalosa erebi)
• (Craterocephalus stercusmuscarum)
• (Geres filamentosis)
• Eastern Rainbowfish (Melanotaenia splendida)
• (Barbus)
• (Zaireichthys lacustris)
• (Astyanax xavante)
• (Rhabdolichops lundbergi)
• (Dawkinsia singhala)
• (Jupiaba poekotero)
• (Creagrutus tuyuka)
• (Lophiobrycon weitzmani)
• (Trichomycterus maracaya)
• (Sternopygus obtusirostris)
• Slender Pike-cichlid (Teleocichla centisquama)
• Softspine Catfish (Neosilurus mollespiculum)
• (Neosilurus gloveri)
• (Ptychocharax rhyacophila)
• (Odontesthes mauleanum)
• (Melanorivulus pictus)
• (Trichomycterus belensis)
• (Crenicichla britskii)
• (Allotoca diazi)

Preyed upon by

• Zebra Jumping Spider (Salticus scenicus)
• Dimorphic Jumping Spider (Maevia inclemens)
• Katydids (Tettigoniidae)
• Cobweb Spiders (Theridiidae)
• Banded Killifish (Fundulus diaphanus)
• Western Mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis)
• Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus)
• Mouse-eared Bats (Myotis)
• Mexican Free-tailed Bat (Tadarida brasiliensis)
• Yellow-legged Hornet (Vespa velutina)
• Large Stonefly (Perla bipunctata)
• European Minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus)
• Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)
• Threespine Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
• Bony Bream (Nematalosa erebi)
• (Neosiluris ater)
• (Miomantis caffra)
• Pantropical Jumping Spider (Plexippus paykulli)
• (Lithobius)
• Short-winged Conehead (Conocephalus dorsalis)
• European Nursery Web Spider (Pisaura mirabilis)
• (Gabrius fermoralis)
• (Tetartopeus terminatum)
• Fishing Spiders (Dolomedes)
• (Paederus riparius)
• (Marpissa radiata)
• European Common Frog (Rana temporaria)
• (Robertus insignis)
• Reed Bunting (Emberiza schoeniclus)
• (Staphylininae)
• (Robertus)
• (Tibellus maritimus)
• Slender Crab Spiders (Tibellus)
• (Hyla arborea)
• (Pirata piscatorius)
• (Tetragnatha extensa)
• Brown Bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus)
• Ladyfish (Elops saurus)
• Shortnose Sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum)
• Atlantic Sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus)
• Flier (Centrarchus macropterus)
• Blue-spotted Sunfish (Enneacanthus gloriosus)
• Tessellated Darter (Etheostoma olmstedi)
• American Shad (Alosa sapidissima)
• White Catfish (Ameiurus catus)
• (Carpiodes cyprinus)
• (Cyprinella analostana)
• Blueback Shad (Alosa aestivalis)
• Fallfish (Semotilus corporalis)
• Eastern Creek Chubsucker (Erimyzon oblongus)
• Yellow Bullhead (Ameiurus natalis)
• White Perch (Morone americana)
• Pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus)
• (Lepomis auritus)
• American Eel (Anguilla rostrata)
• (Glossamia aprion)
• (Geres filamentosis)
• (Tilapia mariae)
• (Craterocephalus stercusmuscarum)
• Freshwater Catfish (Tandanus tandanus)
• Agassiz's Glassfish (Ambassis agassizii)
• Roman-nose Goby (Awaous acritosus)
• Khaki Grunter (Hephaestus tulliensis)
• Eastern Rainbowfish (Melanotaenia splendida)
• Empire Gudgeon (Hypseleotris compressa)
• Snakehead Gudgeon (Giuris margaritacea)
• (Gabrius fermoralis (Hochh.))
• Greater Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum)
• Intermediate Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus affinis)
• Southern Forest Bat (Vespadelus regulus)
• Northern Cave Bat (Vespadelus caurinus)
• Large-footed Myotis (Myotis macropus)
• Long-tailed Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus tuberculatus)
• (Myotis dasycneme)
• Long-fingered Bat (Myotis capaccinii)
• Western Barbastelle (Barbastella barbastellus)
• (Plecotus auritus)
• Bechstein's Bat (Myotis bechsteinii)
• Natterer's Bat (Myotis nattereri)
• Major's Long-fingered Bat (Miniopterus majori)
• (Myotis goudoti)
• Greater Tube-nosed Bat (Murina leucogaster)
• Madagascar Free-tailed Bat (Chaerephon atsinanana)
• Stoliczka's Trident Bat (Aselliscus stoliczkanus)
• Lesser Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus hipposideros)
• Pygmy Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus pygmaeus)
• Steppe Whiskered Bat (Myotis aurascens)
• Geoffroy's Trident Leaf-nosed Bat (Asellia tridens)
• Greater Mouse-tailed Bat (Rhinopoma microphyllum)
• (Hipposideros bicolor)
• Dusky Roundleaf Bat (Hipposideros ater)
• Schneider's Roundleaf Bat (Hipposideros speoris)
• (Rhinolophus thailandiensis)
• Black-bearded Tomb Bat (Taphozous melanopogon)
• Particoloured Bat (Vespertilio murinus)
• (Eptesicus nilssonii)
• Common Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus pipistrellus)
• (Pipistrellus nathusii)
• (Nyctalus leisleri)
• Common Noctule (Nyctalus noctula)